Showing posts with label Cryptic Video. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Cryptic Video. Show all posts

The Final Video of Malecki561: An Investigative Analysis of DavoValkrat's Cryptic Upload




Introduction: The Signal and the Silence

The digital ether is a vast repository of our collective consciousness, a place where fleeting moments are immortalized and sometimes, more disturbingly, where echoes of the unexplained manifest. On May 27, 2022, at 08:30 PM, a broadcast designated "EL ÚLTIMO VIDEO DE MALEKI561" appeared, curated by the channel DavoValkrat. This wasn't merely another upload; it represented a potential endpoint, a final transmission from a source now shrouded in mystery. As investigators, our duty is not to accept such pronouncements at face value, but to dissect them, to peel back the layers of digital presentation and confront the potential anomalies lurking beneath. This is not about recounting a sensational story; it's about forensic analysis of a potential paranormal event captured and disseminated through modern media.

Malecki561: Deconstructing the Enigma

Who, or what, is Malecki561? The original context of this entity is crucial. Without specific background, we must treat this designation as an unknown variable within a paranormal equation. Was Malecki561 an individual, a group, or perhaps a more abstract source of phenomena? The suffix '561' could denote a location, a codename, or a serial identifier. In the realm of the paranormal, anonymous or pseudonymous sources are common. Their lack of verifiable identity can be a shield against scrutiny, or it can be a deliberate obfuscation to amplify the mystery. Our initial hypothesis must consider both: the possibility of a genuine anomaly being broadcast, and the potential for a deliberate hoax designed to capture attention within the paranormal community. The "final video" designation adds a layer of urgency and finality, prompting us to consider what transpired to necessitate such a label. Was it a cessation of activity, a warning, or a deliberate concluding act in a larger narrative?

DavoValkrat's Role: The Curator of the Cryptic

DavoValkrat, the presenter of this final broadcast, positions himself as a curator, a conduit for paranormal content. His channel, and associated social media presences, are dedicated to documenting and disseminating "unexplained and unusual paranormal videos and documents." This places DavoValkrat within a lineage of paranormal investigators and media producers who seek to bring anomalous evidence to a wider audience. His request for subscriptions, shares, likes, and even donations, is standard practice for content creators. However, in the context of paranormal investigation, it also raises questions about motivation and authenticity. Are these requests aimed at funding genuine fieldwork and analysis, or are they simply tools to monetize sensational content, regardless of its veracity? His willingness to present "EL ÚLTIMO VIDEO DE MALEKI561" implies a belief in its significance, or at least its potential to engage his audience. We must analyze his presentation style – his tone, the surrounding narrative he constructs, and the calls to action he employs – to understand how he frames this enigmatic piece of content. His own calls to follow him on TikTok, Facebook, and Instagram, alongside providing an email for evidence submission, indicates a desire to build a community and potentially gather more data, a commendable objective if pursued with rigor.

Analysis of the Final Broadcast

The core of this investigation lies in the content of the "final video" itself. Without direct access to the visual and auditory data of this specific broadcast, our analysis must remain at a higher level, focusing on the implications and the typical characteristics of such uploads within the paranormal digital sphere. A truly "final" broadcast can signify several things: the cessation of activity from the source (Malecki561); the deliberate conclusion of a series or project; or perhaps a more ominous indication of removal or termination by external forces. In a meta-analysis, we consider the environment in which such content appears. Channels dedicated to the paranormal often feature footage of alleged apparitions, EVPs (Electronic Voice Phenomena), cryptid sightings, and UFO encounters. The quality of the recording, the presence of any discernible audio anomalies, and the visual clarity of any purported entities are primary factors in assessing potential authenticity. The narrative framing, often driven by the presenter, is also critical. DavoValkrat's framing as a "daily source of unexplained and unusual paranormal videos and documents" sets a high bar for expectation. The successful monetization strategies he employs – channel memberships, donations, and NFT sales – suggest a robust engagement model, which in turn can finance more extensive investigations, or conversely, incentivize the production of highly engaging, albeit potentially fabricated, content. The mention of a script by Gabriela Ramos and documentation by Andrea Acosta points to a structured production, lending a professional veneer that requires careful scrutiny.

Potential Evidence Scans

When analyzing any purported paranormal video, a systematic approach to evidence is paramount. For "EL ÚLTIMO VIDEO DE MALEKI561," we would hypothetically perform the following scans:

  1. Auditory Analysis: If audio accompanies the video, it must be subjected to spectral analysis. This process can reveal anomalies not immediately perceptible to the human ear, such as hidden voices (sub-audible EVPs) or distortions that might indicate technological interference or deliberate manipulation. The use of specialized software for audio forensics is indispensable here.
  2. Visual Forensics: The visual component requires meticulous examination for digital artifacts, motion inconsistencies, or signs of digital alteration. Techniques include frame-by-frame analysis, examination of pixel data, and comparison with known visual phenomena (e.g., lens flare, dust particles, insect movement).
  3. Contextual Verification: If Malecki561 is purported to be an individual or location, cross-referencing with other known accounts or data is crucial. Are there other reports associated with this designation? Does it align with known patterns of residual hauntings, intelligent hauntings, or other paranormal classifications?
  4. Metadata Examination: The metadata embedded within the video file can provide vital clues about its origin, creation date, and any modifications made. This is a fundamental step in digital forensic analysis.

The Uncanny Valley of Digital Ghosts

The digital realm presents a unique challenge in paranormal investigation. We are no longer dealing solely with physical manifestations but with their digital imprints. This introduces various possibilities: genuine recordings of paranormal activity, intentional hoaxes using digital manipulation, or even phenomena that exist solely within the digital space – 'digital ghosts' that inhabit our networks. The 'uncanny valley' effect, often discussed in robotics and animation, can be applied here. When digital representations of the paranormal are close to reality but not quite perfect, they can evoke feelings of unease or distrust. This perceived 'wrongness' can be an indicator of fabrication, or it could be a sign of the truly alien nature of paranormal phenomena interacting with our technology. The finality of Malecki561's transmission might be interpreted as a transition out of this digital uncanny valley, a signal that has either ceased or evolved beyond our current methods of detection and analysis.

"The digital realm is not merely a canvas for recording the paranormal; it is an active participant. Artifacts, glitches, and unexpected transmissions can be misconstrued as evidence, blurring the lines between the mundane and the supernatural." - Alejandro Quintero Ruiz

The Archive Corner

For those seeking to delve deeper into the intricacies of paranormal investigation and digital forensics, a curated selection of resources is essential for developing a rigorous analytical framework. Understanding the methods employed by both genuine investigators and those who engage in fabrication requires a foundational knowledge base. Our work here at El Rincón Paranormal often draws upon established texts and investigative methodologies. To further your own research, consider the following:

  • "The Ghost Watchers' Guide" by Charles Stansfield: A comprehensive manual on detecting and documenting paranormal activity, offering practical advice and historical context.
  • "Digital Forensics: Computer Forensics and Cybercrime" by Michael G. Solomon: Essential reading for understanding the technical analysis of digital media, crucial for discerning authentic evidence from manipulation.
  • "The Anomalist" Publication: A long-standing resource that documents and analyzes a wide range of unexplained phenomena, often featuring case studies of digital anomalies.
  • Gaia.com: While often presenting content with a specific viewpoint, Gaia offers a vast library of documentaries and series covering paranormal investigations, UFOlogy, and consciousness studies, useful for understanding popular narratives and alleged evidence.
  • "Casefiles of the Unexplained" (various authors): Collections that often include analyses of historical and contemporary paranormal events, providing comparative data for evaluating new cases.

Investigating digital paranormal content requires a dual skillset: an open mind to the unexplained and a critical eye honed by technical understanding. The resources above represent a starting point for any serious investigator aiming to navigate the complexities of purported paranormal transmissions.

Investigator's Verdict: Fraud, Phenomenon, or Digital Glitch?

Assessing "EL ÚLTIMO VIDEO DE MALEKI561" without direct forensic access is akin to analyzing a crime scene from a distance. However, based on the context provided, where a digital broadcast is presented as a final transmission, several hypotheses emerge. The most straightforward explanation is that this is a deliberate fictional narrative, a piece of creative content designed to engage an audience interested in mystery and horror, as indicated by the presenter's engagement strategies. This aligns with the 'entertainment' disclaimer often found in such content. Alternatively, it could represent a genuine attempt to document unusual phenomena by an individual or group (Malecki561) whose activity has ceased, with DavoValkrat acting as a responsible curator. In this scenario, the 'final' aspect might stem from the source's disappearance or inability to continue. A third possibility, often overlooked in the pursuit of dramatic phenomena, is a simple technical failure or a misinterpretation of a digital artifact. A corrupted file, a software glitch, or unusual network interference could mimic paranormal activity. Without the raw data and the tools for deep digital forensic analysis, definitively categorizing this event remains challenging. However, the overarching principle of investigative skepticism dictates that the onus of proof lies with the extraordinary claim.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • What does "final video" imply in a paranormal context?

    It suggests the cessation of activity from the source entity, whether individual or anomalous. This could mean the source has stopped broadcasting, disappeared, or been silenced.

  • How can I verify the authenticity of paranormal videos?

    Authenticity is difficult to prove definitively. Rigorous digital forensics, cross-referencing with multiple sources, and seeking expert analysis are key. Beware of claims without substantial evidence.

  • Is it common for paranormal content creators to ask for donations and memberships?

    Yes, it is very common. These creators often depend on audience support to fund their investigations, equipment, and content production.

  • What is the role of a "curator" in paranormal content?

    A curator selects, organizes, and presents paranormal videos and documents to an audience, often adding their own analysis or narrative context.

Investigator's Mission: Document Your Own Anomalies

Your mission, should you choose to accept it, is to apply the principles of critical analysis to the digital content you encounter. When presented with a claim of paranormal significance, ask yourself:

  1. What is the source? Is it verifiable?
  2. What evidence is presented? Is it raw or manipulated?
  3. What is the presenter's motivation? Is it for education, entertainment, or profit?
  4. What are the mundane explanations? Have they been thoroughly ruled out?

Next time you encounter a video claiming to be paranormal, don't just passively consume it. Pause, question, and research. If you capture any unusual digital anomalies, glitches, or unexplained audio/visual phenomena in your own recordings – particularly anything that seems to defy logical explanation – document it meticulously. Note the time, date, conditions, and any subsequent observations. Share your findings with reputable investigative communities, adhering to their protocols for evidence submission. The digital world is a fertile ground for both hoaxes and genuine mysteries. Your critical eye is the most powerful tool in distinguishing between them. Let this analysis of Malecki561's alleged final broadcast serve as a reminder: the unexplained demands rigorous investigation, not blind acceptance.

alejandro quintero ruiz is a seasoned field investigator dedicated to the analysis of anomalous phenomena. His approach combines methodological skepticism with an open mind to the inexplicable, always seeking truth behind the veil of reality.

The Plague Doctor Video (11B X 1371): An Investigative Analysis of its Enduring Enigma




Introduction: The Unsettling Whisper of 11B X 1371

The digital ether is a vast, often unsettling, repository of human expression. Within its depths, certain artifacts surface, defying easy categorization. The video designated 11B X 1371, often referred to as "The Plague Doctor Video," is one such anomaly—a digital phantom that has piqued the curiosity of investigators and armchair sleuths alike. It’s more than just an interesting vid; it’s a trailhead leading into the darker, more cryptic corners of online culture. My task, as always, is not simply to recount; it is to dissect, to analyze, and to consider the methodologies that might bring such an enigma into clearer focus. This isn't about chasing ghosts in the machine, but about understanding the patterns, the intent, and the potential implications of digital artifacts that intentionally obscure their meaning.

Section I: Deciphering the Coded Messages

The core of the mystery surrounding 11B X 1371 lies within its apparent layers of hidden meaning. These aren't the self-evident narratives of mainstream media; they are the whispered secrets of steganography and encoded language, designed to be discovered by a select few, or perhaps, by anyone willing to invest the time and intellectual capital. The mere presence of coded messages within a viral video suggests a deliberate act of communication—or misdirection. We must approach this with the rigor applied to any classified document or encrypted transmission.

From a parapsychological perspective, the deliberate obfuscation can be seen as a manifestation of the "unseen." Is the creator attempting to communicate a hidden truth, a warning, or is this an elaborate piece of performance art designed to elicit a specific psychological response? Analysis of the visual and auditory components, even those that appear random or nonsensical, is paramount. Are there recurring symbols? Deviations from standard video editing practices? Are there subliminal flashes or embedded audio frequencies that might influence the viewer subconsciously? These questions demand a methodical approach, akin to forensic audio-visual analysis.

Consider the history of coded communication. From ancient military ciphers to modern cryptographic challenges, the act of encoding itself tells us something about the sender's intent. In the context of 11B X 1371, the choice to use coded messages transforms a simple video into a puzzle box. The community's engagement, spurred by platforms like Reddit, highlights a fundamental human drive to solve mysteries. However, my experience dictates caution: the most compelling mysteries often have simple, mundane explanations, while the most elaborate hoaxes can ensnare the unprepared. The coded messages might be a sophisticated form of misdirection, an exercise in psychological manipulation, or a genuine attempt at clandestine communication.

The challenge here is to move beyond speculation and towards empirical analysis. What tools can we employ? Audio spectrum analysis might reveal anomalies in the soundscape. Image manipulation software could potentially uncover hidden visual data or alterations. Examining the video's metadata, though often stripped upon uploading, could offer clues if retained. This isn't just about watching a video; it's about performing a digital autopsy on its very construction. The pursuit of the solution requires us to be as meticulous as any cryptographer or intelligence analyst. For those interested in the deeper dive into digital anomalies, understanding the tools of the trade is crucial. Resources like specialized software for examining video artifacts, or even basic knowledge of hexadecimal code, can prove invaluable.

We must ask: who is the intended audience? Is it a specific group, a forum, or the internet at large? The nature of the codes—whether linguistic, symbolic, or mathematical—will provide clues. If the codes are simple substitutions, it suggests a relatively accessible message. If they are complex algorithmic puzzles, it implies a sender with advanced technical knowledge and a desire to test the intellect of the finder. The very act of creating such a video and seeding it into the online ecosystem can be interpreted as a statement. It forces us to confront the possibility that what we perceive as random noise might, in fact, be highly structured information.

Section II: Profiling the Video Creator

Understanding the origin of 11B X 1371 is as critical as deciphering its contents. The creator of this piece of digital media is not merely an uploader; they are, intentionally or not, an architect of mystery. Profiling this individual or entity requires delving into their digital footprint, their stated intentions (if any), and the patterns of their online behavior. This is where the lines between investigative journalism and paranormal research blur, as we seek to understand the "who" behind the "what."

The link to the original video on YouTube provides a starting point. Examining the channel that hosts it, "Parker Wright," can offer insights. What is the typical content? Is this an isolated anomaly, or does it fit a pattern of unusual or cryptic uploads? The channel's subscriber count, upload history, and engagement with its audience can all be diagnostic. A creator who consistently uploads enigmatic content might be exploring themes of mystery, conspiracy, or even genuine paranormal experiences. Conversely, a channel primarily focused on mundane topics that suddenly produces something like 11B X 1371 might indicate a deliberate hoax, a stolen piece of content, or an attempt to jump on a viral trend.

The provided Reddit link is another crucial piece of the puzzle. The discussion community surrounding 11B X 1371 on Reddit is a valuable anthropological study in itself. What theories are being proposed? Who are the most active participants? Are there any individuals presenting information that suggests insider knowledge? Such forums often become echo chambers, but they can also be fertile ground for uncovering overlooked details or identifying credible hypotheses. Cross-referencing these discussions with the creator's potential motives is key.

My experience in field investigations—whether physical or digital—has taught me that intent is everything. Is the creator aiming to shock, to provoke thought, to deceive, or to document something they genuinely believe is real? The "Plague Doctor" motif itself is laden with historical and symbolic weight, evoking themes of disease, death, and hidden knowledge. Its use is unlikely to be accidental. It serves as a powerful thematic anchor, immediately signaling a context of something unsettling or ancient.

The inclusion of timestamps in the original content description—"0:00 Intro," "2:42 The Coded messages," "5:34 The Video Creator"—suggests a structured approach to the video's narrative. This isn't a spontaneous recording; it's a curated presentation. Analyzing how these segments are presented, the pacing, and the visual cues within them provides further data points about the creator's intent and their understanding of narrative construction. The mention of "Epidemic Sound" for music, while technically factual, also points to a professional or semi-professional approach to production, indicating that this wasn't a casual hobbyist project but a considered effort.

Furthermore, the creator's decision to obscure their identity behind the video's enigma is, in itself, a communicative act. It creates distance, fosters speculation, and amplifies the mystery. This is a common tactic in psychological operations and ARG (Alternate Reality Game) design, where the creator's persona is part of the narrative. We must consider the possibility that the creator is not a single individual but a collective, or even an AI-generated entity, though the latter is currently more speculative than demonstrably provable in this context.

The provided Twitter link and Discord server offer potential avenues for direct engagement or for observing the creator's broader online presence. While a direct link to the creator might not yield explicit confessions, it could reveal their other interests, their posting habits, and potentially, their primary motivations. Investigating these supplementary platforms is part of building a comprehensive profile, essential for any serious analysis of a digital enigma like 11B X 1371.

Investigator's Verdict: Fraud, Phenomenon, or Algorithmic Anomaly?

After scrutinizing the available data surrounding the Plague Doctor Video (11B X 1371), the conclusion remains deliberately ambiguous, a testament to its design. The evidence points away from a simple, easily dismissed hoax, yet stops short of confirming a genuine paranormal phenomenon. The sophisticated nature of the coded messages, coupled with the creator's apparent intent to build an online mystery, suggests a conscious effort to engage and intrigue. This could range from an elaborate ARG designed to test audience engagement and analytical skills, to a genuine attempt to communicate something profound—or even dangerous—through a veil of digital obscurity.

The strongest argument against a straightforward paranormal event is the inherent control exhibited by the creator. Paranormal phenomena, by their very nature, are often unpredictable and uncontrollable. While some might argue that entities can manifest through digital means, the structure and deliberate nature of 11B X 1371 leans heavily towards human agency. The coded messages, the specific thematic choices, and the seeding of the video across platforms like YouTube and Reddit suggest a carefully orchestrated campaign rather than a spontaneous manifestation.

However, dismissing it entirely as 'fraud' would be premature. The impact of such content is real. It sparks discussion, fosters communities, and prompts deep analytical investigation. The 'phenomenon' here might not be supernatural, but psychological and sociological—the phenomenon of digital mystery and shared human curiosity. The video has become a catalyst for collective inquiry, a modern-day digital séance for those seeking answers in the unexplained.

The possibility of an 'Algorithmic Anomaly' also warrants consideration. In an era where artificial intelligence can generate text, images, and even video, it's conceivable that 11B X 1371 is a product of advanced algorithms designed to create maximally engaging, mysterious content. Such systems might identify patterns in popular cryptic content and simulate them, leading to artifacts that appear intentionally coded but are, in fact, emergent properties of complex machine learning models. This aligns with the increasing sophistication of AI in generating content that mimics human intent and creativity.

Ultimately, the enduring enigma of 11B X 1371 lies in its resistance to a singular, definitive interpretation. It functions as a mirror, reflecting the analytical depths and conspiratorial tendencies of its audience. Until further, verifiable evidence emerges—a confession, a breakdown of the code, or a technological deconstruction of its origins—it remains an open case file, a compelling digital artifact that challenges our understanding of communication, intent, and the nature of digital reality itself.

The Researcher's Archive

For any investigator tackling digital enigmas or seeking to understand the psychology of mystery cultivation, a foundational library is indispensable. The following resources have proven invaluable in dissecting phenomena that blur the lines between the mundane and the inexplicable:

  • "The Art of Deception" by Robert Masters: While not directly about digital media, it explores the psychological principles behind manipulation and misdirection, crucial for understanding hoaxes and ARGs.
  • "Crypto: How the Code and the Computer Revolution Will Change Everything" by Steven Levy: Essential for understanding the historical and technical underpinnings of cryptography and digital information.
  • "Darknet: A User's Guide to the Shadow World of Tor, Bitcoin, and Digital Anonymity" by Patrick O'Neill: Provides context on the digital spaces where enigmatic content often emerges.
  • "The Day After Roswell" by Philip J. Corso: A classic, albeit controversial, examination of alleged government cover-ups and the dissemination of hidden technology, relevant to understanding narrative construction in conspiracy.
  • "The Ghost in the Machine" (Documentary Series): Explores the intersection of technology, consciousness, and the potential for digital hauntings or AI sentience.

For those interested in exploring these themes further, platforms like Gaia often host documentaries that delve into the intersection of technology and the unexplained, offering a breadth of perspectives often missed by mainstream media. Exploring archived debates and analyses on platforms like the one linked to the 11B X 1371 Reddit community is also critical for understanding contemporary theories.

Field Protocol: Analyzing Digital Anomalies

Investigating digital artifacts like the Plague Doctor Video requires a systematic approach. Here’s a protocol derived from intelligence analysis and forensic examination:

  1. Source Verification: Confirm the authenticity and origin of the primary artifact (the video itself). Trace its earliest appearances across platforms.
  2. Content Deconstruction: Break down the video into its constituent parts: visual elements, audio track, metadata (if available), and any embedded codes or symbols.
  3. Contextual Analysis: Research the creator, their online presence, and the broader community discussions surrounding the artifact. What are the prevailing theories? Who are the key voices?
  4. Pattern Recognition: Identify recurring motifs, symbols, or linguistic structures within the content and the surrounding discourse. Compare these to known cryptographic methods, ARG tropes, or historical/mythological references.
  5. Hypothesis Formulation: Develop multiple working hypotheses (e.g., hoax, ARG, genuine phenomenon, AI generation) and assess them against the gathered evidence.
  6. Evidence Evaluation: Critically assess the 'evidence' presented within the video and proposed by the community. Distinguish between objective data and subjective interpretation or pareidolia.
  7. Deductive Reasoning: Employ logic to eliminate improbable explanations and strengthen the likelihood of others. Consider Occam's Razor, but do not dismiss complex explanations out of hand if the evidence supports them.
  8. Documentation and Reporting: Meticulously record all findings, analytical steps, and conclusions. This forms the basis of your investigative report.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 11B X 1371?

11B X 1371 is the designation for a cryptic video, commonly referred to as "The Plague Doctor Video," which has gained notoriety for its mysterious content, apparent coded messages, and unknown creator. Its true meaning and purpose are subjects of ongoing debate.

Who created the Plague Doctor Video?

The creator of 11B X 1371, associated with the YouTube channel "Parker Wright," remains largely unknown. Their identity and motives are part of the central mystery, though their method suggests a deliberate attempt to construct an enigmatic digital artifact.

What are the coded messages in the video?

The video reportedly contains coded messages, visual or auditory, that are not immediately apparent. These are believed to be central to understanding the video's intended meaning, though their exact nature and decryption remain elusive for most viewers and researchers.

Is the video a hoax or a genuine phenomenon?

This remains the core question. Analysis suggests a high degree of creative control and intent, leaning towards a deliberate construction (hoax, ARG, or conceptual art). However, the possibility of it being a complex digital manifestation or even an AI-generated artifact cannot be entirely dismissed without further evidence.

Where can I find more information or discuss 11B X 1371?

Discussions can be found on platforms like Reddit (a link to a relevant thread is often shared by content creators), and on the creator's own Discord server, which is typically linked in video descriptions.

Conclusion: The Lingering Questions

The Plague Doctor Video, or 11B X 1371, serves as a fascinating case study in contemporary digital mystery. It highlights how easily information—or disinformation—can be disseminated, encoded, and adopted by online communities hungry for the unexplained. Whether it is a meticulously crafted ARG, a piece of digital art exploring unsettling themes, a sophisticated hoax, or something far stranger, its power lies in its ambiguity. The investigation into its meaning is far from over; in many ways, it has just begun.

The value of such artifacts lies not only in the potential for solving them but in the process of investigation itself. By applying rigorous analytical methods, attempting to decode complex layers, and understanding the psychology of the creator and the audience, we hone our skills as critical thinkers and digital investigators. The machine is complex, and its output is often a reflection of our own desire to find order in chaos, meaning in the noise.

Your Field Mission

Now, the floor is yours. Consider this: if you were to create a digital artifact designed to mystify and intrigue, what coded elements would you embed, and why? What historical or symbolic motifs would you choose to anchor your mystery? Share your hypotheses regarding the creator's ultimate goal with 11B X 1371 in the comments below. Let's analyze your theories as rigorously as we've analyzed the video itself.

alejandro quintero ruiz is a veteran investigator dedicated to the analysis of anomalous phenomena. His approach combines methodological skepticism with an open mind to the inexplicable, always seeking the truth behind the veil of reality. His work delves into historical records, scientific anomalies, and anecdotal evidence to construct a comprehensive understanding of the world's greatest mysteries.